What occurs during translation?

What occurs during translation?

• A. Synthesis of DNA from RNA
• B. Copying DNA
• C. Synthesis of protein from mRNA
• D. Transcribing mRNA

Answer: (C)

Translation is the process by which the information encoded in messenger RNA is used to build a protein. The ribosome reads the mRNA codons, and transfer RNA brings the corresponding amino acids, each tRNA carrying a specific anticodon that pairs with a codon. As the ribosome moves along the mRNA, amino acids are linked by peptide bonds to form a growing polypeptide chain. The process starts at a start codon, continues through elongation as amino acids are added, and ends when a stop codon is reached, releasing the finished protein. Translation occurs in the cytoplasm, or on the rough endoplasmic reticulum for proteins destined for secretion or membranes. This is different from transcription, which makes RNA from DNA, or replication, which copies DNA.

Translation is the process by which the information encoded in messenger RNA is used to build a protein. The ribosome reads the mRNA codons, and transfer RNA brings the corresponding amino acids, each tRNA carrying a specific anticodon that pairs with a codon. As the ribosome moves along the mRNA, amino acids are linked by peptide bonds to form a growing polypeptide chain. The process starts at a start codon, continues through elongation as amino acids are added, and ends when a stop codon is reached, releasing the finished protein. Translation occurs in the cytoplasm, or on the rough endoplasmic reticulum for proteins destined for secretion or membranes. This is different from transcription, which makes RNA from DNA, or replication, which copies DNA.